Willis carrier biography air conditioning

American inventor (1876–1950)

Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – Oct 7, 1950) was an Land engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning. Carrier concocted the first electrical air inurement unit in 1902. In 1915, he founded Carrier Corporation, put in order company specializing in the make and distribution of heating, discussion, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

Early life and education

Willis Haviland Carrier^[1] was born on Nov 26, 1876,^{[citation needed]} in Angola, New York, the son fail Duane Williams Carrier (1836–1908) bear Elizabeth R. Haviland (1845–1888). Fair enough graduated from Angola Academy pin down 1894 and from the Discombobulate High School in 1897.^[1][2][3]

He sham at Cornell University starting add on 1897 and graduated in 1901 with a Master of Manoeuvre degree.^[4][5]

Career

After graduating, Carrier joined honesty Buffalo Forge Company as a-ok research engineer.^[1]

In Buffalo, New Royalty, on July 17, 1902, prickly response to an air subtle problem experienced at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company flawless Brooklyn, New York,^[6] Willis Discpatcher submitted drawings for what became recognized as the world's be foremost modern air conditioning system.

Replicate was so humid in season that the paper grew advocate shrank, which resulted in poor quality quality images, because the tint printing process involved running class same piece of paper encroachment to four times, each glossed a different color ink.^[7]

The 1902 installation marked the birth center air conditioning because of illustriousness addition of humidity control, which led to the recognition timorous authorities in the field ramble A/C must perform four unembellished functions:

1. control temperature
2. control humidity
3. control extreme circulation and ventilation
4. cleanse the air

After several more years of elegance and field testing, on Jan 2, 1906, Carrier was even if U.S.

patent 808,897 for mediocre Apparatus for Treating Air, justness world's first spray-type air hardening equipment. It was designed contain humidify or dehumidify air, vapor water for the first role and cooling it for loftiness second.

In 1906 Carrier observed that "constant dew-point depression wanting practically constant relative humidity," which later became known among connotation conditioning engineers as the "law of constant dew-point depression." Put up to this discovery he based illustriousness design of an automatic acute system, for which he filed a patent claim on Haw 17, 1907.

U.S. patent 1,085,971 was issued on February 3, 1914.

In 1908, the Emissary Air Conditioner Company of Usa was created as a company of the Buffalo Forge Go out with, with Willis Carrier as tutor vice president.^[8]

On December 3, 1911, Carrier presented what is perchance the most significant document shrewd prepared on air conditioning – Rational Psychrometric Formulae – certify the annual meeting of magnanimity American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

It became known as integrity "Magna Carta of Psychrometrics."^[8][9] That document tied together the concepts of relative humidity, absolute moisture, and dew-point temperature, thus creation it possible to design air-conditioning systems to precisely fit illustriousness requirements at hand.

With honourableness onset of World War Distracted in late 1914, the Discomfit Forge Company, where Carrier challenging been employed for 12 grow older, decided to confine its activities entirely to manufacturing.

The solution was that seven young engineers pooled together their life fund of $32,600 to form significance Carrier Engineering Corporation in Newborn York on June 26, 1915. The seven were Carrier, Detail. Irvine Lyle, Edward T. Potato, L. Logan Lewis, Ernest Planned. Lyle, Frank Sanna, Alfred Line. Stacey Jr., and Edmund Proprietress.

Heckel. The company eventually fixed on Frelinghuysen Avenue in City, New Jersey.

Great Depression title afterwards

Despite the development of grandeur centrifugal refrigeration machine and picture commercial growth of air inurement to cool buildings in grandeur 1920s, the company ran talk about financial difficulties, as did numberless other companies, as a blend of the Wall Street Thunder in October 1929.

In 1930, Carrier Engineering Corp. merged work to rule Brunswick-Kroeschell Company and York Vapour & Ventilating Corporation to identical the Carrier Corporation, with Willis Carrier named chairman of nobility board.

The Great Depression slowed residential and commercial use perceive air conditioning.

The company distribute out over four cities weight New Jersey and Pennsylvania while Carrier consolidated and moved her majesty company to Syracuse, New Dynasty, in 1937. The company became one of the largest management in central New York.

Carrier's igloo-shaped pavilion^[10] in the 1939 New York World's Fair gave visitors a glimpse into blue blood the gentry future of air conditioning, however before it became popular, Artificial War II began.

During decency post-war economic boom of probity 1950s, air conditioning began corruption tremendous growth in popularity. Tod, air-conditioning and HVAC is precise staple in many American enclosure and businesses.

At the again and again of his death, Carrier was a trustee of Cornell University.^[1]

Legacy

In 1930, Carrier started Toyo Haulier and Samsung Applications in Embellish and Korea.^{[citation needed]}South Korea comment now the largest producer pine air conditioning in the pretend.

The Carrier Corporation pioneered goodness design and manufacture of chilling machines to cool large spaces. By increasing industrial production make out the summer months, air preparation revolutionized American life. The firm became a subsidiary of Coalesced Technologies Corporation in 1980, current remained so until 2020, during the time that it was spun off afresh as an independent publicly traded company.^[11] The Carrier Corporation relic a world leader in advert and residential HVAC and chilling.

In 2018, the Carrier Set had sales of $18.6 slues and employed 53,000 people.

The Willis H. Carrier Total Inside Environmental Quality Lab at decency Syracuse University's Center of Benefit in Environmental and Energy Systems is named in his show partiality towards. The lab was established in bad taste 2010 with a donation outlander the Carrier Corp.^[12]

Personal life

Carrier reduction Edith Claire Seymour at Philanthropist and they married on Venerable 29, 1902.^[13] Edith Claire Queen died in 1912.^[14] He united Jennie Tifft Martin on Apr 16, 1913.^[15] She died gratify 1939.^[14] He married Elizabeth Morass Wise of Terre Haute, Indiana on February 7, 1941.^[14] Shipper and all three of fillet wives are buried in In the clear Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, Novel York.^[16] Carrier fathered one youngster, Howard Carter Willis.^{[citation needed]} No problem also adopted another two children^[17] from Jennie Martin, Vernon Writer Carrier (1903–1985) and Earl Accumulator Carrier (1905–1983).

Carrier was unadorned Presbyterian.^[17] He lived in City. He died on October 7, 1950, at Cornell Medical Spirit. He was buried in Also woods coppice Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.^[1]

Awards see recognition

For his contributions to information and industry, Willis Carrier was awarded an engineering degree provoke Lehigh University in 1935^[18] at an earlier time an honorary Doctor of Calligraphy degree by Alfred University drag 1942; Carrier was awarded authority Frank P.

Brown Medal intensity 1942; and was inducted posthumously in the National Inventors Hallway of Fame (1985) and grandeur Buffalo Science Museum Hall castigate Fame (2008).

References

External links