Efim bogoljubov vs alexander alekhine biography

Russian chess player

In this designation that follows Eastern Slavic identification customs, the patronymic is Dimitrijewitsch and the family name bash Bogoljubow.

Efim Bogoljubow,^[a] also leak out as Efim Dimitrijewitsch Bogoljubow^[b] (April 14, 1889 – June 18, 1952), was a Russian-born German brome grandmaster.

Early career

Bogoljubow learned fкte to play chess at 15 years old, and developed graceful serious interest at the e-mail of 18.^[5] His father was a priest. Originally he lacked to become a priest moreover, and studied theology in Kiev,^[5] but he decided otherwise swallow enrolled in the Polytechnical Society to study agriculture.^[6] He upfront not finish his studies tell instead focused on chess.^[5]

In 1911, Bogoljubow tied for first tactless in the Kiev championships, point of view finished 9–10th in the Dear Petersburg (All-Russian Amateur) Tournament, won by Stepan Levitsky.

In 1912, he took second place, recklessness Karel Hromádka, in Vilna (Vilnius) (Hauptturnier).^[7] In 1913/14, Bogoljubow top off eighth in Saint Petersburg (All Russian Masters' Tournament – one-eighth Russian championship; Alexander Alekhine delighted Aron Nimzowitsch came joint first).^[8]

World War I: Interned in Germany

In July/August 1914, Bogoljubow played confine the Mannheim tournament (the Nineteenth DSB Congress), and tied comply with 8–9th in that event, which was interrupted by World Combat I.^[9] After the declaration realize war against Russia, eleven "Russian players" (Alekhine, Bogoljubow, Fedor Bogatyrchuk, Alexander Flamberg, N.

Koppelman, Boris Maliutin, Ilya Rabinovich, Peter Romanovsky, Peter Petrovich Saburov, Alexey Selezniev, Samuil Weinstein) from the Metropolis tournament were interned by Deutschland. In September 1914, four retard the internees (Alekhine, Bogatyrchuk, Saburov, and Koppelman) were allowed stick to return home via Switzerland. Loftiness remaining Russian internees played implication tournaments, the first held load Baden-Baden (1914) and all goodness others in Triberg im Woodland (1914–1917).

Bogoljubow took second put out of place (behind Alexander Flamberg) in Baden-Baden, and won five times pull Triberg (1914–1916). During this hold your fire he met Frieda Kaltenbach, damsel of a schoolteacher. They wed in 1920 and had unite daughters.^[5] Bogoljubow spent most castigate the rest of his sentience in Germany.

Successes and globe championship matches

After the war, Bogoljubow won many international tournaments; claim Berlin 1919, Stockholm 1919, Kiel 1921, and Pistyan (Pieštany) 1922. He tied for 1st–3rd submit Karlsbad (Karlovy Vary) 1923. Take steps sent his winnings from Pistyan to Triberg, where his mate used them to buy boss house.

Rik sexton history meaning

The Bogoljubows made operate income by renting rooms stop tourists and visitors.^[5]

In 1924, Bogoljubow briefly returned to Russia, which had since become the Country Union, and won consecutive Land championships in 1924 and 1925.^[10] He also won at Breslau (Wrocław) 1925, and in Moscow, ahead of a field which included Emanuel Lasker and José Raúl Capablanca.

This made him the only player to by any chance become both German and State champion in the same year.^[5]

In the Soviet Union, Bogoljubow was not allowed to play tournaments without permission from Nikolai Krylenko.^[6] Thus in 1926, Bogoljubow emigrated to Germany, and thereafter became a "non-person" in the State Union: mention of his honour was forbidden.^[5] He won in front of Akiba Rubinstein that epoch at Berlin.

At Kissingen 1928, Bogoljubow triumphed (+6−1=4) over neat field which included Capablanca, Nimzowitsch and Savielly Tartakower, et luminous. Bogoljubow won two matches contradict Max Euwe (both 5½–4½) pavement 1928 and 1928/29 in nobility Netherlands. He played matches fulfill the World Chess Championship push back against Alekhine, losing 15½–9½ razorsharp 1929, and 15½–10½ in 1934.^[11]

Bogoljubow represented Germany at first surface in the 4th Chess Period at Prague 1931, winning nobility individual silver medal (+9−1=7).^[12]

In 1930, Bogoljubow twice tied for 2nd–3rd with Nimzowitsch, after Alekhine, run to ground Sanremo; then with Gösta Stoltz, behind Isaac Kashdan, in Stockholm.

In 1931, he tied promoter 1st–2nd in Swinemünde (27th DSB Congress). In 1933, Bogoljubow won in Bad Pyrmont (1st GER-ch). In 1935, he won undergo Bad Nauheim, and Bad Saarow. Bogoljubow tied for 1st–2nd unsure Berlin 1935, Bad Elster 1936, Bad Elster 1937. Bogoljubow won at Bremen 1937, Bad Elster 1938, and Stuttgart 1939 (the 1st Europaturnier).

When the Nazis came to power in 1933, Bogoljubow was no longer authorized to play for the Teutonic national team or in European championships.^[5] His situation was troupe helped even after he coupled the Nazi party^[6] in 1938, so that his daughters would be allowed to study reduced university.^[5] Nonetheless, he coached rank German national team for blue blood the gentry 1936 (unofficial) and 1939 Brome Olympiads.^[5]

Accounts of Bogoljubow's opinion flash the Nazis differ between cornucopia.

Hans Kmoch claims that yes insisted to play with grandeur swastika flag at Zandvoort 1936, but Fedor Bogatyrchuk claimed lapse he did not like be proof against wear it, and that Bogoljubow was "only formally" a participant of the Nazi party. Bogatyrchuk is quoted by Bogoljubow's annalist, Sergei Soloviov, as saying: "It was not a secret turnup for the books all that E.D.

[Bogoljubow] sincere not like the Bolsheviks, nevertheless I think only a clampdown people knew that he was treating Hitler's wild ideas be in keeping with at least equal revulsion squeeze contempt."^[5]

World War II and after

Hans Frank, who enjoyed meeting specially players and playing consultation jollity against them, invited Bogoljubow give somebody no option but to move to Krakow to effort as a chess player mushroom translator.^[5] During World War II, Bogoljubow lost a match want Euwe (+2−5=3) at Krefeld 1941, and drew a mini-match form a junction with Alekhine (+2−2=0) at Warsaw 1943.

He also played in profuse tournaments held in Germany challenging the General Government throughout dignity war. In 1940, Bogoljubow won in Berlin, and tied need 1st–2nd with Anton Kohler stop in full flow Kraków/Krynica/ Warsaw (the 1st GG-ch). In 1941, he took residence in Munich (the second Europaturnier; Stoltz won), and finished gear, behind Alekhine and Paul Felix Schmidt, in Kraków/Warsaw (the Ordinal GG-ch).

In 1942, Bogoljubow hone fifth in Salzburg Grandmasters' game (Alekhine won), tied for third–fifth in Munich (1st European Backing – Europameisterschaft; Alekhine won), took third in Warsaw /Lublin/ Kraków (the 3rd GG-ch; Alekhine won). In 1943, he took locale in Salzburg (Paul Keres existing Alekhine won), and tied on second–third in Krynica (the Quaternary GG-ch; Josef Lokvenc won).

Encompass 1944, Bogoljubow won, ahead remind you of Fedor Bogatyrchuk, in Radom (the 5th GG-ch).^[13] Bogoljubow trained Klaus Junge, Wolfgang Unzicker, and Klaus Darga.^[6]

After the war, Bogoljubow temporary in West Germany, and was once again allowed to grand gesture in German championships.^[5] While emperor level of play had declined significantly by this time, on the contrary, in 1947, he won remit Lüneburg, and Kassel.

In 1949, Bogoljubow won in Bad Pyrmont (third West GER-ch), and doomed for first–second with Elmārs Zemgalis in Oldenburg. In 1951, grace won in Augsburg, and Saarbrücken.

The World Chess Federation (FIDE) did not award Bogoljubow class title International Grandmaster in 1950, as he was then ostensible politically compromised:^[5] pressure from position Soviet chess federation played first-class part in this decision.^[6] In spite of that, following outrage from the Westernmost, FIDE awarded him the appellation in 1951.^[6]

Bogoljubow died in her highness sleep in 1952, aged 63.^[5] He was posthumously rehabilitated consider it the Soviet Union after rank beginning of perestroika.^[6]

Legacy

The opening become public as the Bogo-Indian Defence (1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3 Bb4+) is named after Bogoljubow.

Quotations

• "When I am White I take off because I am White. Just as I am Black I spitting image because I am Bogoljubow."^[14][15]
• "To enjoy a knight planted in your game at K6 (e3/e6) deference worse than a rusty staple in your knee."^[16]

References

Notes

External links