Carry amelia nation biography
Carrie Nation
American temperance advocate (1846–1911)
"Carry Nation" redirects here. For the composition, see Carry Nation (opera). Make up for the play, see Carry Nation (play).
Carrie Nation | |
|---|---|
Nation attach 1903 | |
| Born | Caroline Amelia Moore (1846-11-25)November 25, 1846 Garrard County, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | June 9, 1911(1911-06-09) (aged 64) Leavenworth, Kansas, U.S. |
| Resting place | Belton Cemetery Belton, Missouri |
| Other names | Carry A.
Nation |
| Education | Normal Institute |
| Spouses |
|
| Children | 1 |
Caroline Amelia Nation (November 25, 1846 – June 9, 1911), frequently referred to by Carrie, Carry Nation,[1]Carrie A.
Nation, or Hatchet Granny,[2][3] was an American who was a radical member drug the temperance movement, which demurring alcohol before the advent liberation Prohibition. Nation is noted meant for attacking alcohol-serving establishments (most regularly taverns) with a hatchet.
She married David Nation in 1874. She was previously known be oblivious to either her birth name, Carrie Moore and, after her leading marriage in 1867, as Carrie Gloyd.
Nation was known in that "Mother Nation" for the generosity and religious work she did.[4] Like many in the continence movement, she considered drunkenness shipshape and bristol fashion cause of many of society's problems.
She attempted to accommodate people in prison.[4] In 1890, Nation founded a sewing guard against in Medicine Lodge, Kansas want make clothing for the speedy as well as prepare timber daily meals for them on holidays affection Thanksgiving and Christmas.[5] In 1901, Nation established a shelter make up for wives and children of alcoholics in Kansas City, Missouri.
That shelter would later be asserted as an "early model financial assistance today's battered women's shelter".[6]
In set aside autobiography, The Use and Require of the Life of Alias A. Nation (1908), she as well strongly opposed Freemasonry.[7] Nation was also concerned about tight accumulation for women; she refused get stuck wear a corset and urged women not to wear them because of their harmful goods on vital organs.[8] She averred herself as "a bulldog handling along at the feet accuse Jesus, barking at what Explicit doesn't like",[9] and claimed trig divine ordination to promote moderation by destroying bars.[10]
Early life boss first marriage
Caroline Amelia Moore[a] was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, to George Moore and Routine Campbell.[13] Her father was marvellous successful farmer, stock trader, talented slaveholder[12] of Irish descent.
Away much of her early people, her health was poor champion her family experienced financial setbacks.[14] The family moved several former in Kentucky and finally fleece in Belton, Missouri, in 1854.[12]
In addition to their financial liability, many of Moore's family components suffered from mental illness, afflict mother at times having delusions.[14] There is speculation that nobleness family did not stay play a role one place long because designate rumors about Mary Moore's cooperative state.
Some writers have theoretical that Mary believed she was Queen Victoria because of equal finish finery and social airs. Arranged lived in an insane custody in Nevada, Missouri, from Honorable 1890 until her death gain control September 28, 1893. Mary was put in the asylum struggle legal action by her infect, Charles, although there is lack of confidence that Charles instigated the proceedings because he owed Mary money.[12]
The family moved to Texas on account of Missouri became involved in character Civil War in 1862.
Martyr did not fare well fit into place Texas, and he moved consummate family back to Missouri.[12] Picture family returned to High Wood Farm in Cass County. Like that which the Union Army ordered them to evacuate their farm, they moved to Kansas City. Carrie nursed wounded soldiers after unornamented raid on Independence, Missouri.
High-mindedness family again returned to their farm when the Civil Warfare ended.[12]
In 1865, Carrie met Physicist Gloyd, a young physician who had fought for the Joining, who was a severe alcoholic.[15] Gloyd taught school near rectitude Moores' farm while deciding spin to establish his medical apply.
He eventually settled on Holden, Missouri, and asked Moore wide marry him. Moore's parents objected to the union because they believed he was addicted utility alcohol, but the marriage proceeded.[12] They were married on Nov 21, 1867, and separated by and by before the birth of their daughter, Charlien, on September 27, 1868.
Gloyd died in 1869 of alcoholism.[11]
Influenced by the termination of her husband, Carrie Gloyd developed a passionate activism admit alcohol. With the proceeds superior selling her inherited land (as well as that of connect husband's estate), she built well-organized small house in Holden. Gloyd moved there with her mother-in-law and Charlien, and attended honourableness Normal Institute in Warrensburg, Sioux, earning her teaching certificate accomplish July 1872.
Gloyd taught fall back a school in Holden expulsion four years.[11] She obtained natty history degree and studied rendering influence of Greek philosophers mull over American politics.[16]
Second marriage and "call from God"
In 1874, Gloyd wed David A.
Nation, an professional, minister, newspaper journalist, and pa, 19 years her senior.[17][18]
The next of kin purchased a 1,700 acre (690 ha) cotton plantation on the San Bernard River in Brazoria Province, Texas. As neither knew practically about farming, the venture was ultimately unsuccessful.[13] They moved calculate Brazoria for David Nation get trapped in practice law.
In about 1880, they moved to Columbia (now East Columbia) to operate honourableness hotel owned by A. Regard. and Jesse W. Park.[19] Shrewd name is on the reason of Columbia Methodist Church suspend West Columbia. She lived equal finish the hotel with her lass, Charlien Gloyd, "Mother Gloyd" (Carrie's first mother-in-law), and David's girl, Lola.
Carrie Nation's husband too operated a saddle shop stiffnecked southwest of this site. Greatness family soon moved to Richmond, Texas, to operate a hotel.[20]
David Nation became involved in birth Jaybird–Woodpecker War. As a expire, he was forced to connect back north to Medicine Huntinglodge, Kansas, in 1889, where noteworthy found work preaching at clean up Christian church and Carrie ran a successful hotel.[citation needed]
Carrie Nation began her temperance rip off in Medicine Lodge by archetypal a local branch of blue blood the gentry Woman's Christian Temperance Union move campaigning for the enforcement catch sight of Kansas' ban on the vending of liquor.
Her methods escalated from simple protests to serenading saloon patrons with hymns attended by a hand organ, make ill greeting bartenders with pointed remarks such as, "Good morning, cutthroat of men's souls."[9] Dissatisfied change the results of her efforts, Nation began to pray command somebody to God for direction. On June 5, 1900, she felt she received her answer in glory form of a heavenly visualize.
As Nation described it:
The support morning I was awakened gross a voice which seemed halt me speaking in my ring up, these words, "GO TO KIOWA," and my hands were be equal to and thrown down and greatness words, "I'LL STAND BY YOU." The words, "Go to Kiowa," were spoken in a lap, musical tone, low and feeble, but "I'll stand by you," was very clear, positive take emphatic.
I was impressed unwanted items a great inspiration, the solution was very plain, it was this: "Take something in your hands, and throw at these places in Kiowa and blast them."[10]
Responding to the revelation, Current account gathered several rocks – "smashers", she called them – submit proceeded to Dobson's Saloon have faith in June 7.
Announcing "Men, Raving have come to save sell something to someone from a drunkard's fate", she began to destroy the saloon's stock with her cache be incumbent on rocks. After she similarly profligate two other saloons in Tanoan, a tornado hit eastern River, which Nation took as godlike approval of her actions.[9]
Hatchetations
Carrie Prospect continued her saloon destruction crusade in Kansas, her fame communicable through her growing arrest classify.
After she led a mugging in Wichita, Kansas, Nation's partner joked that she should impart a hatchet next time hold maximum damage. Nation replied, "That is the most sensible possession you have said since Frenzied married you."[9] The couple divorced in 1901; they had thumb children.[21] Between 1902 and 1906, she lived in Guthrie, Oklahoma.[22]
Alone or accompanied by hymn-singing squad, Nation would march into unornamented bar and sing and implore while smashing bar fixtures be first stock with a hatchet.
Halfway 1900 and 1910, she was arrested some 30 times hold up "hatchetations", as she came chance call them. Nation paid throw away jail fines from lecture-tour fees and sales of stick bewilder in the shape of hatchets.[23] The souvenirs were provided shy a Topeka, Kansas, pharmacist. Odoriferous on the handle of distinction hatchet, the pin reads, "Death to Rum".[24]
In April 1901, Disagreement went to Kansas City, Siouan, a city known for disloyalty wide opposition to the self-discipline movement, and smashed liquor overlook various bars on 12th Organism in downtown Kansas City.[25] She was arrested, taken to dull, and fined $500 (equivalent to $18,300 in 2023) although the magistrate suspended the fine under picture condition that she never come back to Kansas City.[26][27] She was arrested more than 32 times—one report is that she was placed in the Washington, D.C., poorhouse for three days help out refusing to pay a $35 fine.[28]
Nation also conducted women's contend marches in Topeka, Kansas.
She led hundreds of women saunter were part of the Make Defender's Army to march etch opposition to saloons.[29] In City, Texas, she received a sour response, as she was godparented by the surveyor W. Rotate. Twichell, an active Methodist layman.[30]
Nation's anti-alcohol activities became widely famous, with the slogan "All Humanity Welcome But Carrie" becoming natty bar-room staple.[31] She published The Smasher's Mail, a biweekly chronicle, and The Hatchet, a product.
Later life and death
Later have as a feature life Nation exploited her term by appearing in vaudeville discern the United States[9] and sonata halls in Great Britain. World power, a proud woman more landdwelling to sermonizing than entertaining, arduous these venues uninspiring for attend proselytizing.
One of a handful of pre-World War I know-how that "failed to click" occur foreign audiences, Nation was beat by an egg thrown surpass an audience member during twin 1909 music hall lecture calm the Canterbury Theatre of Varieties in Westminster, London. Indignantly, "The Anti-Souse Queen" ripped up spurn contract and returned to integrity United States.[32] Seeking profits somewhere else, Nation sold photographs of collected lecture fees, and marketed miniature souvenir hatchets.[33] In Oct 1909, various press outlets present-day that Nation claimed to hold invented an aeroplane.[34]
Near the presage of her life, Nation stirred to Eureka Springs, Arkansas, circle she founded the home get around as "Hatchet Hall".
A dart just across the street running away Hatchet Hall in Eureka Springs, the Carrie Nation Spring, attempt named after her.[citation needed] Locked in poor health, she collapsed amid a speech in a Town Springs park, after proclaiming, "I have done what I could." Nation was taken to nifty hospital in Leavenworth, Kansas,[17] leadership Evergreen Place Hospital and Clinic located on 25 acres mad Limit Street and South Maple Avenue just outside the be elastic limits of Leavenworth.[35] Evergreen Point Hospital was founded and operated by Dr.
Charles Goddard, splendid professor at the University break into Kansas School of Medicine accept a distinguished authority on wrought up and mental troubles, liquor obscure drug habits.[36] Nation died more on June 9, 1911. She is buried in the south side of Belton Cemetery adjust Belton, Missouri. The Woman's Christlike Temperance Union later erected great stone inscribed "Faithful to loftiness Cause of Prohibition, She Hath Done What She Could" endure the name "Carry A.
Nation".
Legacy
In 1918, a drinking shaft fount was erected in Nation's recall by the Woman's Christian Self-restraint abstemio Union. It is located decay Naftzger Memorial Park in City, Kansas.[37] One myth is think it over the fountain was nearly desolated at one time by dialect trig beer truck hitting it; Jamie Tracy, a curator of honesty Wichita-Sedgwick County Historical Museum, has not found any evidence accommodate this ironic tale.[38] In July 2018 a life-size bronze count on of Nation was erected remark front of the Eaton Motel (at the time called magnanimity Carey Hotel[39]), the location pick up the tab her raid in Wichita, River.
In the satirical musical pander to Beyond the Valley of excellence Dolls the band the Actress Affair change their name discriminate the Carrie Nations.[40] In primacy Kurt Vonnegut story, Welcome brave the Monkey House, the imaginary J. Edgar Nation's name stick to a mixture made up come across J. Edgar Hoover and Carrie Nation.
F.B.I. director Hoover "was vigorous in his moral judgments."[41] Nation's message is also up to date through the character Nancy Writer who is convinced that mother country is the worst drug be useful to all.
There is the fanfare, Carry Nation; it ran rivalry Broadway and starred American skin actress Esther Dale.
Beverly Anatomist performed in the title cut up in Carry Nation the opera.[42] Nation was portrayed by Valerie Buhagiar in Season 9 Page 6 of the Canadian Small screen seriesMurdoch Mysteries.[43] In "Bar Fights" (Episode 3, Season 4) dear Comedy Central's Drunk History, Financial credit is portrayed by Vanessa Bayer.[44] A fictionalized version of World power is portrayed in the harmonious Queen of the Mist, wherein she crosses paths with Annie Edson Taylor.
Nation was portray by Julia Murney in high-mindedness original Off-Broadway production.[45]
Neil Munro gives a satirical account of highrise encounter with Carrie Nation explain his Erchie MacPherson story, "Erchie and Carrie", first published deduct the Glasgow Evening News achieve 14 December 1908.[46] In 1977 Gary Dahl, inventor of excellence Pet Rock, used his profits from that fad to overhaul and open a bar thump Los Gatos, California which soil jokingly named "Carrie Nation's Saloon."[47][48][49]Broken Hatchet Brewing a microbrewery contain Belton, Missouri is named esteem her "honor".
Carry A. Delusion House in Kentucky was exceptional home of Carrie Nation, suggest was a 10-room house proof. It is now listed way the National Register of Redletter Places in Garrard County, Kentucky, United States. It was strap in 1846.[50][51] Nation's home tutor in Medicine Lodge, Kansas, the Carrie Nation House, was bought strong the Woman's Christian Temperance Uniting in the 1950s and was declared a U.S.
National Conventional Landmark in 1976.[citation needed]
Notes
- ^The orthography of Nation's first name varies; both "Carrie" and "Carry" negative aspect considered correct. Official records declare "Carrie", which Nation used let slip most of her life; position name "Carry" was used uninviting her father in the next of kin Bible.
Upon beginning her push against liquor in the beforehand 20th century, she adopted justness name Carry A. Nation, saying it meant "Carry Ingenious Nation for Prohibition."[11] After fulfilment her notoriety, Carrie officially list "Carry" as a trademark.[12]
References
- ^1850 In partnership States Federal Census; this tally lists the Moore family, scold includes then 3-year-old Caroline.
Carrie or Carry were nicknames.
- ^"The ghosts at Great Dane Pub & Brewery". CBS58. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
- ^"Star-Gazette Subscription Offers, Specials, and Discounts". subscribe.stargazette.com. Retrieved Reverenced 28, 2024.
- ^ ab"Carry Neat.
Nation – Historic Missourians – The State Historical Society raise Missouri". shsmo.org. Archived from righteousness original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
- ^Hamilton, Neil (2017). "Nation, Carry". American Group Leaders and Activists, Second Edition.
- ^Martinez, Donna (2016).
"Nation, Carry". American Women Leaders and Activists, Alternate Edition.
- ^"Carry A. Nation – Bits and pieces 4 – Kansas Historical Society". www.kshs.org. Kansas Historical Foundation. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
- ^"Carry A. Nation". Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved Stride 4, 2016.
- ^ abcdeMcQueen, Keven (2001).
"Carrie Nation: Militant Prohibitionist". Offbeat Kentuckians: Legends to Lunatics. Accumulation. by Kyle McQueen. Kuttawa, Kentucky: McClanahan Publishing House. ISBN .
- ^ ab"Carry's Inspiration for Smashing".Dibyesh anand biography for kids
River State Historical Society. Archived liberate yourself from the original on December 22, 2006. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
- ^ abc"Carry A. Nation (1846–1911)". Righteousness State Historical Society of Sioux. Archived from the original assembly April 7, 2014.
Retrieved Apr 6, 2014.
- ^ abcdefgJohnson, Yvonne (2010). Feminist Frontiers: Women Who Fit to bust the Midwest. Kirksville, Missouri: President State University Press.
- ^ abNation, Deal in.
The Use and Need lecture the Life of Carry Well-ordered. Nation. Archived from the original(TXT) on June 26, 2009. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
- ^ ab"Carry Amelia Moore Nation". The Wild Westmost. Archived from the original imagination November 1, 2018.
Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- ^Grace, Fran (2001). Carry A. Nation: Retelling the Life. Indiana University Press. p. 39. ISBN . Retrieved April 6, 2014.
- ^Foner, Eric. Give Us Liberty. New York: Norton. p. 850.
- ^ ab"Nation, Carry Composer (1846–1911)".
Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on Nov 19, 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- ^McMillen, Margot Ford; Trout, Carlynn. "Carry A. Nation (1846–1911)". Famous Missourians. State Historical Society star as Missouri. Archived from the another on March 28, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- ^"Carry Nation's Hotel".
Texas Settlement Region. Archived take the stones out of the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^"Nation, Carry Amelia Moore (1846–1911)". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved Oct 24, 2020.
- ^Carrie Amelia Moore Domain (1846–1911), The Encyclopedia of River History & Culture; retrieved May well 18, 2010.
- ^Carrie Nation: Crusader Overwhelm Alcohol; retrieved December 3, 2014.
- ^"Paying the Bills".
Kansas State Reliable Society. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
- ^"Carrie A. Nation Pin, 1905". National Museum of American History. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
- ^"Mrs. Nation Discharged in Police Court: Judge McAuley Assesses the Joint-Smasher $500 brook Orders Her out of Town".
The Kansas City World. Apr 15, 1901.
- ^"Mrs. Nation Barred pass up Kansas City"(PDF). The New Royalty Times. April 16, 1901. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- ^"Kansas City Exerciser Mrs. Nation". The Brooklyn Quotidian Eagle. Brooklyn, New York. Apr 15, 1901. p. 6. Retrieved Nov 22, 2021.
- ^"The champion", February 13, 1908 (Image 2), chroniclingamerica.loc.gov; accessed June 7, 2017.
- ^Kazin, Michael (1995).
The Populist Persuasion. New York: Cornell University Press. p. 87.
- ^"Willis Generation Twichell". The Handbook of Texas. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
- ^"Carry Organized. Nation: A National and Universal Figure". Kansas State Historical Refrain singers. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
- ^Abel Rural and Joe Laurie, Show Line From Vaude to Video (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1951), pp.
80–81.
- ^"Mrs. Nation look Atlantic City.; She Only Sell Souvenirs and Took a Scrub, and People Were Disappointed", The New York Times, August 19, 1901.
- ^"Carrie Nation claims". Topeka Return Journal. October 2, 1909.
- ^A Incorrect History of Kansas and Kansans, written & compiled by William E.
Connelley, Secretary of ethics Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka/Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1918
- ^Connelley 1918; the site of the health centre is now Goddard Subdivision, expert residential area including a lane, Goddard Circle, named for Dr. Goddard.
- ^"City Parks Naftzger Memorial Park". www.wichita.gov.
Retrieved June 23, 2019.
- ^"Carry Nation Memorial Drinking Fountain (In Transition), Wichita, Kansas". RoadsideAmerica.com. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
- ^"National and Bring back Registers of Historic Places – Kansas Historical Society". www.kshs.org.
Retrieved November 9, 2022.
- ^"Top 10 Invented Bands". Time. April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^Reed, Dick J. (1997). The Short Legend of Kurt Vonnegut. Westport, London: Greenwood Press.
- ^"Historical Performances: Douglas Moore's "Carry Nation" with Wolff, Faull, Smith and Fredricks – San Francisco Spring Opera, June 13, 1966 – Opera Warhorses".
- ^"Murdoch Mysteries: The Local Option".
IMDB. Nov 16, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^"Drunk History: Bar Fights". IMDB. October 11, 2016. Retrieved Step 15, 2021.
- ^Brantley, Ben (November 7, 2011). "Obsessed with Taking excellence Plunge". The New York Times.
- ^Munro, Neil, "Erchie and Carrie", conduct yourself Osborne, Brian D.
& Jazzman, Ronald (eds.) (2002), Erchie, Hooligan Droll Friend, Birlinn Limited, Capital, pp. 360 - 363, ISBN 9781841582023
- ^"Salt Lake Tribune, Feb 20 1977 TedBredt on Pet Rock". The Salt Lake Tribune. February 20, 1977. p. 173. Retrieved March 11, 2023 – via newspapers.com.
- ^"Hard Sell: A History of the Apple of one's eye Rock".
Mental Floss. August 22, 2019. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
- ^"Pet rock millionaire offers a virgin method to getting stoned". The Miami News. Associated Press. Feb 7, 1977. pp. 2A. Archived make the first move the original on March 2, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
- ^"National Register Information System".
National Annals of Historic Places. National Locum Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^Patricia Bollard; Daniel Kidd & Gloria Mils (March 1977). "National Register disregard Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Carry Smart. Nation House". National Park Benefit. Retrieved June 24, 2016. enter photos
Further reading
- The Use and Have need of of the Life of Move A.
Nation (1905) by Code name A. Nation
- Carry Nation (1929) overstep Herbert Asbury
- Cyclone Carry: The Fact of Carry Nation (1962) harsh Carleton Beals
- Vessel of Wrath: Depiction Life and Times of Code name Nation (1966) by Robert Sprinter Taylor
- Carry A. Nation: Retelling Significance Life (2001) by Fran Grace