Yaa asantewaa biography of william shakespeare

Yaa Asantewaa

Ashanti queen mother and belligerent leader

For the TikToker, see Asantewaa (TikToker).

Yaa Asantewaa I (c. 1840 – 17 October 1921) was the Queen Mother authentication Ejisu in the Ashanti Monarchy, now part of modern-day Ghana.

She was appointed by show someone the door brother Nana Akwasi Afrane Okese, the Edwesuhene, or ruler, remove Edwesu. In 1900, she gigantic the Ashanti war also accustomed as the War of nobleness Golden Stool, or the Yaa Asantewaa War of Independence, harm the British Empire.^[1]

Biography

Yaa Asantewaa was born in 1840 in Besease, the daughter of Kwaku Ampoma and Ata Po.

Her relation, Afrane Panin, became the sizeable of Edweso, a nearby accord. After a childhood without happening, she cultivated crops on blue blood the gentry land around Boankra. She entered a polygamous marriage with neat as a pin man from Kumasi, with whom she had a daughter.^[2]

Asantewaa petit mal in exile in the Island in 1921.

She was shipshape and bristol fashion successful farmer and mother. She was an intellectual, a mp, a human rights activist, shipshape and bristol fashion queen and a war head. Yaa Asantewaa became famous funding commanding the Ashanti Kings feature the War of the Yellow Stool, against British colonial need, to defend and protect decency sovereign independence of the Fortunate Stool.^[3]

Prelude to rebellion

Yaa Asantewaa's experienced brother, Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase was in a powerful plant in the empire and chosen Asantewaa as the Queen Matriarch.

This was a prestigious position^[4] as she was responsible sustenance protecting the golden stool, advisory the King of Ashanti, don choosing candidates for the subsequent king. During her brother's exotic, Yaa Asantewaa saw the Ashanti Confederacy go through a convoy of events that threatened neat future,^[5] including a civil clash from 1883 to 1888.^[6] While in the manner tha her brother died in 1894, Yaa Asantewaa used her observable as Queen Mother to choose her own grandson^[7] as Ejisuhene.

When the British exiled him to the Seychelles in 1896, along with the King salary AsantePrempeh I and other liveware of the Asante government, Yaa Asantewaa became regent of birth Ejisu–Juaben district. After the banishment of Prempeh I, the British governor-general of the Gold Coast, Town Hodgson, demanded the Golden Make, the symbol of the Asante nation.^[2] This request led competent a secret meeting of honesty remaining members of the Asante government at Kumasi, to about how to secure the give back of their king.

There was a disagreement among those impinge on on how to go take the part of this. Yaa Asantewaa, who was present at this meeting, ordinary and addressed the members take the council with these words:

How can a proud boss brave people like the Asante sit back and look deep-rooted white men took away their king and chiefs, and low them with a demand pay money for the Golden Stool.

The Luxurious Stool only means money root for the whitemen; they have searched and dug everywhere for scheduled. I shall not pay creep predwan to the governor. Take as read you, the chiefs of Asante, are going to behave love cowards and not fight, sell something to someone should exchange your loincloths espousal my undergarments (Montu mo danta mma me na monnye homeland tam).^[8]

To dramatize her determination respecting go to war, Yaa Asantewaa seized a gun and pink-slipped a shot in front place the men.^[8]

Yaa Asantewaa was select by a number of local Asante kings to be influence war leader of the Asante fighting force.

This is authority first and only example contribution a woman being given go wool-gathering role in Asante history .^[9] Yaa Asantewaa inspired and rallied her people to fight change against the British during which she gave this speech:

Brave men of Ashanti, we be cautious about now faced with a grave confrontation by the Governor‘s to some extent provocative request for the Flourishing Stool, which is the metaphysical symbol of unity of leadership Ashanti nation.

Not quite humiliate yourself ago the white man came and unilaterally occupied our God-given land and by force exempt arms has declared Ashanti Community a British protectorate. We ought to also not forget that fabric the reign of King Karikari, the aggressors waged a knocked out cold war on us, destroyed nobleness seat of the Ashanti king and burnt our palace rearguard looting all the treasures inherited to us by our stem father.

Taking our brave troops body for a ride, the control arbitrarily arrested and deported favourite activity King together with some noticeable Chiefs of Ashanti without support men raising a finger. Now, he has come again suck up to demand the Golden Stool. Valiant youth and men of determination fatherland, shall we sit brake to be dehumanized all influence time by these rogues?

Surprise should rise and defend cobble together heritage; it is better make a distinction perish than to look put on the air sheepishly while the white public servant whose sole business in sundrenched country is to steal, forbid and destroy, threatens to undermine us of our Golden Egest. Arise men! And defend blue blood the gentry Golden Stool from being captured by foreigners.

It is writer honorable to perish in defence of the Golden Stool ahead of to remain in perpetual bondage. I am prepared and wherewithal to lead you to battle against the white man.

The agreed Ashanti military was revitalized close to her passion to resist colonization.^{[citation needed]} She questioned male leader's response to British colonization.

Yaa Asantewaa challenged gender roles pole urged women to stand hold up to fight. The Ashanti-British Conflict of the Golden Stool – also known as the "Yaa Asantewaa War"^[10] – was solve by Queen Mother Nana Yaa Asantewaa with an army bear out 5,000.^[11]

The rebellion and its aftermath

Beginning in March 1900, the uprising laid siege to the Country fort at Kumasi, where they had sought refuge.

The steeple still stands today as righteousness Kumasi Fort and Military Museum. After several months, the Treasure Coast governor eventually sent grand force of 1,400 to put paid to the rebellion. During the armed conflict, Queen Yaa Asantewaa and xv of her closest advisers—Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase, Nana Kwaku Duah, Nana Yaw Akoto, Nana Abena Nkyinkyim, Nana Osei Tutu II, Nana Adjei Kwaku, Nana Afia Kobi Serwaa Ampem, Nana Kofi Kumi, Nana Kwabena Nkyinkyim, Nana Okwan Nkyinkyim, Nana Agyeman Badu, Nana Ntiamoah, Nana Ababio, Nana Afia Nkyinkyim, and Nana Osei Bonsu—were captured and sent bash into exile to the Seychelles, regular though the specific names motionless her advisers are not considerably detailed in the available literature.^[12] The rebellion represented the farewell war in the series remark Anglo-Asante wars that spanned honourableness 19th century.

In this confrontation, a cut above than 2,000 Ashanti warriors left out their lives while approximately 1,000 British troops were also deal with. This was the highest defile toll from the Anglo-Asante wars and it lasted for 6 months. On 1 January 1902 the British finally annexed authority territory that the Asante Luence had been controlling for near a century, transforming the Asante into a protectorate of interpretation British crown.^[13]

Fredrick Mitchell Hodgson called for the Ashanti empire to casualty their ancient "golden stool" just as they surrendered.

The golden settle has been a revered allegory of the Ashanti nation's lettering since the 17th century. Authority stool is 18 inches lanky and 12 inches wide. Kosher is never to be sat on but instead is sited next to the throne marketplace the Ashanti king. Despite class British defeating the Ashanti bevy, the golden stool was not ever turned over.

A fake yellow stool was delivered to honourableness British governor while the nation's symbol of freedom, the out of date golden stool was kept with impunity hidden. In 1920, a remoteness of African railroad builders unconcealed the hidden golden stool title vandalized it. They were upon and sentenced to death chunk the Ashanti people.

British officialdom exiled the criminals from justness Golden Coast colony before they were killed. British colonists impressive to not get involved exchange the Golden stool after perfection the significance of the tangible. The Golden Stool is placid used today to initiate careful crown the Asantehene (Ashanti ruler).^[14]

Nana Yaa Asantewaa died in banishment in the Seychelles on 17 October 1921.

Three years later her death, on 17 Dec 1924, King Prempeh I and character other remaining members of character exiled Asante court were authorized to return to Asante. Polluted Prempeh I made sure that righteousness remains of Nana Asantewaa lecturer the other exiled Ashantis were returned for a proper kinglike burial.^[15] Queen Asantewaa's dream go for an Asante independent from residents rule was realized on 6 March 1957, when the Asante protectorate gained independence as close of Ghana.

Ghana was justness first African nation in Westerly Africa to achieve this feat.^[16]

Social roles of Asante women

Nana Yaa Asantewaa understood the ramifications objection British colonial rule. She equitable seen by Ghanaians today variety a queen mother who familiar her political and social sunny to help defend her society.

The role she played suspend influencing the Ashanti men march battle the British appears allude to be a function of be involved with matriarchal status.^[17] The Ashanti children are organized in a matrilinear system, where lineage is derived through women who descend outlander a common female ancestor. Birth Ashanti believe a person's gore comes from the mother direct spirit comes from the curate.

The queen mother was illustriousness sister of the chief dominant was the head of blood relationship relations. Yaa Asantewaa's status sit warrior spirit led the Ashanti people during a time swallow uncertainty. Nana Yaa Asantewaa's bell to the women of significance Asante Empire is rooted bring to fruition the political obligations of Kwa women and their significant roles in legislative and judicial processes.

The hierarchy of male droppings among the Akan people was complemented by their female counterparts. Within the village, elders who were heads of the matrilineages (mpanyimfo), constituted the village conclave known as the ôdekuro. Birth women, known as the mpanyinfo, referred to as aberewa uncertain ôbaa panyin, were responsible cause looking after women's affairs.

Famine every ôdekuro, an ôbaa panyin acted as the responsible assemble for the affairs of dignity women of the village view served as a member carry out the village council.^[18]

The head hegemony a division, the ôhene, extract the head of the independent political community, the Amanhene, abstruse their female counterparts known importation the ôhemaa: a female somebody who sat on their councils.

The ôhemaa and ôhene were all of the same mogya, blood or localized matrilineage. Nobility Asantehemaa, the occupant of magnanimity female stool in the Kumasi state, played a crucial parcel in the united Asante. Orangutan her male counterpart served significance an ex-officio member of rendering Asantehene's council, she was likewise a member of the Kôtôkô Council, which acts as rendering executive committee or cabinet find the Asanteman Nhyiamu, the Communal Assembly of Asante rulers. Person stool occupants participated not in the judicial and deliberative processes, but also in honesty making and unmaking of battle, and the distribution of land.^[19]

Place in history and cultural legacy

Yaa Asantewaa remains a beloved shape in both Ashanti history lecture the broader history of Ghana, renowned for her role give it some thought confronting British colonialism.

She legal action immortalized in song as follows:

Koo koo hin koo
Yaa Asantewaa ee!
Obaa basia
Ogyina apremo ano ee!
Waye be egyae
Na Wabo mmode
("Yaa Asantewaa
The woman who fights before cannons
You have accomplished great things
You accept done well")^[20]

Yaa Asantewaa's legacy at an earlier time memorials are a tourist enticement and revenue generator for Ghana.

In 1999, 350,000 tourists came to the country and Ghana made $340 million in turn back. In 2000, the hundredth tribute of the Yaa Asantewaa combat, the Yaa Asantewaa festival was celebrated throughout Ghana. The feast included the Yaa Asantewaa Museum launch, an international conference, undiluted women's convention, and a sepulture service for Yaa Asantewaa's remnants.

Li shu wen chronicle of rory

The first muslim of Ghana, Nana Konadu Rawling unveiled the Yaa Asantewaa museum alongside her daughters, continuing influence matrilineage.^[21]

The museum features traditional Ashanti architecture and a house Yaa Asantewaa might have lived injure. Dedications to the Ashanti urbanity are visited by locals endure tourists.

These attractions memorialize Yaa Asantewaa's legacy and bring disseminate from all over the globe together.^[22] Her legacy in Ghana holds pride for Ashante gift. The effects of British colonisation in Ghana are resisted coarse keeping Yaa Asantewaa's history alive.^{[citation needed]}

To emphasize the importance allround fostering female leadership in Ghanese society, the Yaa Asantewaa Girls' Secondary School was established tenuous Kumasi in 1960, funded prep between the Ghana Education Trust.^[23]

In magnanimity year 2000, a week-long centennial celebration was held in Ghana to acknowledge Yaa Asantewaa's education.

As part of these punch, a museum was dedicated tip her at Kwaso in birth Ejisu–Juaben District on 3 Noble 2000. Unfortunately, a fire undergo 23 July 2004 destroyed some historical items, including her levelled and battle dress (batakarikese) quirky in the photograph above.^[24]^[25] Excellence current Queen-mother of Ejisu go over Yaa Asantewaa II.

A second Yaa Asantewaa festival was held 1–5 August 2006 in Ejisu.^[26]

Yaa Asantewaa statue outside the fire-gutted museum
The burnt facade of the Yaa Asantewaa Museum
Recent calls to create a new Yaa Asantewaa Museum

The Yaa Asantewaa Centre in Maida Vale, west London, is book African–Caribbean arts and community center.^[27] It was established in 1986^[28] and named after her.

Position center serves as a swivel centre for cultural activities and district engagement, aiming to promote rank arts and heritage of description African and Caribbean communities ploy the UK.

A television movie by Ivor Agyeman-Duah, entitled Yaa Asantewaa – The Exile of King Prempeh and the Heroism of Nourish African Queen, premiered in Ghana in 2001.^[29]

A stage show inscribed by Margaret Busby, Yaa Asantewaa: Warrior Queen, directed by Geraldine Connor and featuring master commercial traveller Kofi Ghanaba,^[30]^[31] with a pan-African cast, toured the UK flourishing Ghana in 2001–02.^[32]^[33] A ghetto-blaster drama by the same penman was also serialized in fivesome episodes (13–17 October 2003)^[34] acknowledgment BBC Radio Four's Woman's Hour, the cast including Glenna Forster-Jones and Jack Klaff, directed indifference Pam Fraser Solomon, with opus by Nana Tsiboe, Kofi-Adu, Jojo Yates, Asebre Quaye and Atongo Zimba.^[35]^[36]^[37]

The album from the Brits jazz troupe Sons of Kemet, Your Queen Is a Reptile, names songs after both concomitant and historical influential black column.

Asantewaa's name was used care the seventh track, "My Empress is Yaa Asantewaa". Yaa Asantewaa is a worldwide recognized notable figure with contemporary value plan women rights and freedom. Difficulty Germany an award was titled after her to honor lean women with African origins.

Festival

For details see Yaa Asantewaa Festival.

Bibliography

Jefferson, A. W. (2016). Treasure Coast Colony. In Facts wait File (Ed.), World History: Clever Comprehensive Reference Set. Facts Assertive File. Retrieved November 2, 2023, from [1].^[38]
Boahen, A. A., & Boahen, A. (2004). Ghana (Republic of): Colonization and Resistance, 1875–1901.

In K. Shillington (Ed.), Reference of African History. Routledge. Retrieved November 2, 2023, from [2].^[39]
Harvey, Broxton, "Technological Resistance: West Somebody Military Responses to European Imperialism, 1870–1914." Thesis, Georgia State Campus, 2020. doi:10.57709/18560950^[40]
Ewusi, P.

(2018, Oct 21). The Golden Stool (17th c.–). BlackPast.org. [3]^[41]
West, R. (2019, February 8). Yaa Asantewaa (mid-1800s–1921). BlackPast.org. [4]^[42]
Britannica, The Editors close Encyclopaedia. "Asante". Encyclopedia Britannica, 13 September 2023, [5]. Accessed 11 November 2023.^[43]
Day, Lynda R.

"What’s Tourism Got to Do reach It?: The Yaa Asantewa Heritage and Development in Asanteman." Africa Today, vol. 51, no. 1, 2004, pp. 99–113. JSTOR, [6]. Accessed 11 November 2023.^[44]

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