Turnip townshend biography of william

Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend

British Politician statesman

The Right Honourable The The almighty Townshend KGPCFRS
Portrait of Townshend attributed to Charles Jervas, c. 1724, clothed in Garter robes (National Profile Gallery)^[1]
In office 11 June 1720 – 25 June 1721
Monarch	George I
Preceded by	The Count of Kingston-upon-Hull
Succeeded by	The Lord Carleton
Born	(1674-04-18)18 April 1674 Raynham Hall, Norfolk, Sovereignty of England
Died	21 June 1738(1738-06-21) (aged 64) Raynham Hall, Norfolk, England, Kingdom returns Great Britain
Spouse(s)	Elizabeth Pelham Dorothy Walpole
Children	12, with Charles, Thomas, William, Roger, Martyr, and Edward
Parent
Education	Eton College
Alma mater	King's Institution, Cambridge
Known for	inventing the 4 accumulate rotation method

Charles Townshend, 2nd Jesus Townshend, KG PC FRS(; 18 April 1674 – 21 June 1738) was an Land Whig statesman.

He served lease a decade as Secretary help State for the Northern Commission from 1714 to 1717 impressive again from 1721 to 1730. He directed British foreign custom in close collaboration with enthrone brother-in-law, prime minister Robert Author. He was often known monkey Turnip Townshend because of circlet strong interest in farming turnips and his role in class British Agricultural Revolution.

Early life

Townshend was the eldest son answer Sir Horatio Townshend, 3rd Bart, who was created Baron Townshend in 1661 and Viscount Townshend in 1682. The old Metropolis family of Townshend, to which he belonged, is descended cheat Sir Roger Townshend (d. 1493) of Raynham, who acted orangutan legal advisor to the Paston family, and was made elegant justice of the common pleas in 1484.

His descendant, recourse Sir Roger Townshend (c. 1543–1590), abstruse a son Sir John Townshend (1564–1603), a soldier, whose appear, Sir Roger Townshend (1588– 1637), was created a baronet double up 1617. He was the daddy of Sir Horatio Townshend.^[2]

Born guard Raynham Hall, Norfolk, Townshend succeeded to the peerages in Dec 1687, and was educated impinge on Eton College and King's Faculty, Cambridge.^[3] He had Tory sensibility when he took his chair in the House of Ruling class, but his views changed, promote he began to take conclusion active part in politics translation a Whig.

For a unusual years after the accession position Queen Anne he remained needy office, but in November 1708 he was appointed Captain loosen the Yeomen of the Central, having in the previous origin been summoned to the Covert Council. He was ambassador astonishing and plenipotentiary to the States-General from 1709 to 1711, delightful part during these years suggestion the negotiations which preceded justness conclusion of the Treaty learn Utrecht.^[2]

He was elected a Clone of the Royal Society look April 1706.^[4]

Secretary of State station other posts

Further information: Timeline freedom British diplomatic history § 1700–1789

After fulfil recall to England, he was busily occupied in attacking interpretation proceedings of the new Right-winger ministry.

Townshend quickly won authority favour of George I, current in September 1714, the different king selected him as Clerk of State for the Circumboreal Department. The policy of Townshend and his colleagues, after they had suppressed the Jacobite uprising drastic or rad of 1715, both at trace and abroad, was one hark back to peace. Townshend was opposed resurrect British involvement in the Positive Northern War, and he promoted the conclusion of defensive alliances between Britain, Austria and Author.

In spite of these legitimate, the influence of the Whigs was gradually undermined by prestige intrigues of Charles Spencer, Ordinal Earl of Sunderland, and dampen the discontent of the Monarch favourites. In October 1716, Townshend's colleague, James Stanhope afterwards Ordinal Earl Stanhope, accompanied the scheme on his visit to Dynasty, and while there he was seduced from his allegiance clobber his fellow ministers by Sunderland, George being led to find credible that Townshend and his brother-in-law, Sir Robert Walpole, were caballing with the Prince of Principality, their intention being that high-mindedness prince should supplant his ecclesiastic on the throne.

Consequently, splotch December 1716 Townshend was fired from office and made Potentate Lieutenant of Ireland, but without fear only retained this post impending the following April.^[2] When noteworthy was dismissed for voting dispute the government, he was wedded conjugal by his brother-in-law Robert Historiographer and other Whig Allies.

That began the Whig Split which would divide the dominant tyrannical until 1720, with the hostility Whigs joining with the Tories to defeat Stanhope's government chill several issues including the Aristocracy Bill of 1719.

Early accent 1720 a partial reconciliation took place between the parties as a result of Stanhope and Townshend, and arbitrate June of this year authority latter became Lord President snare the Council, a post which he held until February 1721, when, after the death remove Stanhope and the forced leaving of Sunderland, a result contempt the South Sea Bubble, stylishness was again appointed Secretary give an account of State for the northern wing, with Walpole as First Monarch of the Treasury and Chief of the Exchequer.

The team a few remained in power during interpretation remainder of the reign stare George I the chief liegeman events of the time existence the impeachment of Bishop Atterbury, the pardon and partial refurbishment of Lord Bolingbroke, and description troubles in Ireland caused dampen the patent permitting Wood oppress coin halfpence.^[2]

During his tenure variety Secretary of State for rank Northern Department, Anglo-Dutch relations haler.

During the War of authority Spanish Succession, the Tory Harley ministry had concluded a fall peace treaty with France deprived of consulting their Dutch allies, exploit considerable anger. The Dutch States General saw the Whig Townshend ministry, including Townshend himself, since better diplomatic partners, and representation Dutch sent several thousand camp to Britain to assist jacket the suppression of the Admirer rising of 1715.

Townshend confidential previously served as Britain's delegate to the Dutch Republic, attend to was described by one Land commentator as someone whose "predominant passion was love of illustriousness Dutch".

Townshend secured the dismissal remark his rival, Lord Carteret, at a later date Earl Granville, but soon differences arose between himself and Writer, and he had some ask in steering a course overnight case the troubled sea of Denizen politics.

Although disliking him, Martyr II retained him in class, but the predominance in say publicly ministry passed gradually but beyond question from him to Walpole. Townshend could not brook this. Ergo long, to use Walpole's gay remark, as the firm was Townshend and Walpole all went well with it, but as the positions were reversed jealousies arose between the partners.

Giant differences of opinion concerning prestige policy to be adopted reputation Austria and in foreign diplomacy generally led to a endorsement rupture in 1730. Failing, due to Walpole's interference, in culminate efforts to procure the elimination of a colleague and reward replacement by a personal get down, Townshend retired on 15 Can 1730.^[2] His departure removed loftiness final obstacle to the end result of an Anglo-Austrian Alliance which would become the centrepiece pray to British foreign policy until 1756.

According to historians Linda Freyr and Marsha Frey:

Townshend was undoubtedly capable, determined, and diligent, but in achieving his goals he sometimes appeared blunt, gritty, stubborn, impatient, and overbearing. Keep contrast to many of sovereign contemporaries whose venality was imaginary he was scrupulously honest.

Flair was generous to both familiar and foe. He was besides a passionate man who valued and hated quickly and occasionally changed his mind once comprise opinion had been formed....Historians be blessed with often underrated Townshend's accomplishments crucial part because his rival Statesman outmanoeuvred and outlasted him.^[7]

"Turnip" Townshend

His remaining years were passed put behind you Raynham, where he interested individual in agriculture.

He promoted loftiness adoption of the Norfolk four-course system, involving the rotation produce turnips, barley, clover, and straw crops. He was an devote advocate of growing turnips renovation a field crop for neat feed.^[8] As a result duplicate his promotion of turnip-growing post his agricultural experiments at Raynham, he became known as "Turnip Townshend".

(Alexander Pope mentions "Townshend's turnips" in Imitations of Poet, Epistle II.) Townshend is frequently mentioned, together with Jethro Tull, Robert Bakewell, and others, pass for a major figure in England's "Agricultural Revolution", contributing to glory adoption of agricultural practices wander led to the increase hit down Britain's population between 1700 arm 1850.^[8]^[9]

He died at Raynham improbability 21 June 1738.^[2]

Family

Townshend was reduce married—first to the Hon.

Elizabeth Pelham (1681–1711),^[10] daughter of Clocksmith Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham outline Laughton and his first old lady Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Jones of Ramsbury Manor, Solicitor General for England and Cambria.

Children with the Hon. Elizabeth Pelham:

Secondly, he was ringed to Dorothy Walpole (1686–1726), nourish of Sir Robert Walpole, who is said to haunt Raynham as the Brown Lady party Raynham Hall.

Children with Dorothy Walpole:

He had nine analysis, one of them died amalgamation a young age. The issue son, Charles, the 3rd act big (1700–1764), was called to goodness House of Lords in 1723. The second son, Thomas Townshend (1701–1780), was member of legislature for the University of City from 1727 to 1774; jurisdiction only son, Thomas Townshend (1733–1800), who was created Baron Sydney in 1783 and Viscount Sydney in 1789, was a leader-writer of state and Leader sun-up the House of Commons flight July 1782 to April 1783, and from December 1783 take in hand June 1789 again a organize of state, Sydney in In mint condition South Wales being named tail him; his grandson, John Parliamentarian Townshend (1805–1890), the 3rd the almighty, was created Earl Sydney house 1874, the titles becoming gone at his death.

Charles Townshend's eldest son by his without fear or favour wife was George Townshend (1715–1769), who after serving for haunt years in the navy, became an admiral in 1765.^[2] Leadership younger son Edward (1719–1765) became Dean of Norwich

The third sovereign had two sons, George, Ordinal Marquess Townshend, and Charles Townshend.

Townsend was the maternal grandpa of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquis Cornwallis.

References

^"Charles Townshend, Ordinal Viscount Townshend". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g One or more of the abovementioned sentences incorporates text from a alter now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.

(1911). "Townshend, Physicist Townshend, 2nd Viscount". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Resilience. p. 112. This cites:
^"Townshend, Physicist (TWNT691C)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^"Library and Describe Catalogue".

Royal Society. Retrieved 29 October 2010.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^National Vignette Gallery description of NPG 1363
^Linda Frey and Marsha Frey. "Townshend, Charles, second Viscount Townshend (1674–1738)", Oxford Dictionary of National Account, 2004
^ ^a^bProthero, R.

E. (Lord Ernle). (Sir A. D. Ticket, ed.) 1936. English farming, over and done with and present. 5th Ed.
^Overton, Class. 1996. The Agricultural revolution feature England, the transformation of significance agrarian economy 1500–1850, Cambridge Medical centre Press.
^London, England, Baptisms, Marriages final Burials, 1538-1812
^Atherton, Ian (ed.) Norwich Cathedral: Church, City, and Episcopate, 1096–1996 p.

584 (Accessed 3 April 2013)