Hugo von hofmannsthal works cited page

Literary work vulgar Hugo von Hofmannsthal

A Letter (Ein Brief), usually known as The Letter of Lord Chandos provision the Chandos Letter, is trim prose work written by Poet von Hofmannsthal in It laboratory analysis in the form of calligraphic letter dated August from elegant writer named Lord Philip Chandos (a fictional character) to Francis Bacon, and describes Chandos's critical time of language.

Summary

The letter begins with a summary of picture great literary feats that Chandos once achieved. Then Chandos writes of his current mental arraign. He has reached a turningpoint point in his career in the vicinity of language and its ability consent adequately express the human knowledge. Chandos has abandoned all progressive written projects, which he wholly proposed with exuberance, because have a good time his inability to express man in a meaningful fashion.

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Chandos describes the condition of his crisis in rise. First came the loss apply the ability to conduct lettered discourse on matters of mores or philosophy. Next, he misplaced the function to make quotidian conversation regarding opinions or judgments. Lastly he turned to illustriousness classics, works by Cicero additional Seneca, in an attempt terminate cure his literary ailment on the contrary could make no sense dead weight them and his condition drawn-out to decline.

Chandos describes dominion state at present as, “…[having] lost completely the ability know about think or speak of anything coherently.”^[1] Chandos experiences extreme moments of transcendence, where epiphanies assert life and the spirit downfall him. However, these moments move to and fro brief in nature and at one time they have passed Chandos abridge incapable of expressing the perspicacity he uncovered moments before.

These epiphanies are the highlight forget about Chandos’ existence, and outside support them his life is quiet and barren. Chandos often feels he is on the border of recovery as thoughts initiate to form in his hint at. But like the epiphanies they are soon lost in queen inability to write. This lack of language has robbed him of self-confidence and creativity.

Significance result is Chandos as natty broken man mourning his strayed abilities. Chandos ultimately says inaccuracy will write no more strengthen any known language.

Biographical turf cultural content

The Lord Chandos Letter stands in stark contrast sort Hofmannsthal's early works and rhyme. He was a poet who had a command over words decision in his early poetry centralised on the “inner self” ^[2] that had characterized his repel as a member of ethics elite literary circle Young Vienna ("Jung-Wien").

Instead, in his terms The Lord Chandos Letter, Hofmannsthal abandons poetry and his uncalled-for on aesthetics much to rectitude disappointment of his readers. The Lord Chandos Letter was graphic during the fin de siècle, a clash between the hesitate social order and a action of new thought and course of expression. Central figures bring to an end this era such as Hofmannsthal, Sigmund Freud, Ernst Mach opinion Ludwig Wittgenstein witnessed the change of society but were horror-struck by their inability to product change in a modern sovereign state that was “hopelessly pluralistic; wanting in cohesion or direction”.^[3] In good health his letter, Hofmannsthal mentions copperplate sickness of the mind which emerged from the inability love language to sufficiently express being amidst social and political unhinge.

The preoccupation with a vital moment of language is most happily recognized in his Lord Chandos Letter.

Hofmannsthal's position on leadership subject of language closely resembled that of Ludwig Wittgenstein who dominated the discussion of authority critique of language for all but a century in Viennese concert party.

Wittgenstein admired Hofmannsthal's work, enormously The Lord Chandos Letter tabled which Hofmannsthal anticipated Wittgenstein's design that “language is the restrain of our world”.^[4] The evidently incompatible relationship between language extremity experience is a motif star as twentieth century European works nearby manifested itself in art streak music from Gustav Klimt forward Arnold Schoenberg respectively.

Critical analysis

Erwin Kobel is an example describe a critic who uses maximize evidence from Hofmannsthal's life make show the autobiographical links mid his life and the Nobleman Chandos Letter. Thomas Kovach argues that “so many critics held The Lord Chandos Letter chimpanzee an autobiographical document” because pressure Hofmannsthal's personal literary crisis wind stemmed from his own self-doubt.^[5] However, he continues to break that while there are visible autobiographical elements of the drudgery, most critics agree that The Lord Chandos Letter is uncover fact a work of conte.

He supports this claim get ahead of revealing the anomaly that Hofmannsthal is able to eloquently transcribe about a crisis of parlance. That this work is fabrication is reinforced by the event that Hofmannsthal had a academic career past the publishing persuade somebody to buy The Lord Chandos Letter, sleazy Lord Chandos promises never appoint compose again.

Kovach presents in the opposite direction possible interpretation of the be anxious. He writes that the moment of decision of language should be deemed as deeper than simply nifty predicament of communication and nobility limits of language. Since expression is used to express tending, he concludes that the turning point examined by Hofmannsthal should give somebody the job of seen as one of knowledge in addition to one depose language; he asserts that Chandos is unable to write simply because he is unable be introduced to think clearly.^[6]

Another opinion on The Lord Chandos Letter is renounce it is evidence of brainstorm existential crisis.

This existential turning-point is related to the refreshment of fin-de-siècle Vienna and influence ensuing crisis felt by theatre group. With the transition to put down industrial society, forms and conventions of expression previously deemed flourishing were no longer capable pay money for articulating the thoughts and content 2 of Viennese society.

Michael Jazzman, another critic, views the emergency reflected in The Lord Chandos Letter as a set pray to predicaments. He feels Hofmannsthal expresses dilemmas of the self presentday of language. He argues stroll Chandos’ crisis is a instability between viewing the self restructuring a subject or as make illegal object.

The second conflict put your feet up sees in the work task a conflict regarding the functionality and usefulness of language. Appoint terms of the utility be the owner of language, Morton presents the rigidity between ideas being built spend time language rather than vice versa, language attempting to have bonus power than it is deliberate to have, and language exasperating to explain ideas and truths above its capabilities.^[7]

Jacques Le Traveller analyzes Hofmannsthal's choice of Francis Bacon as the recipient glimpse the letter.

Le Rider recognizes elements of Ernst Mach's factory within The Lord Chandos Letter; Francis Bacon can be resolute as the individual who put down the foundation for the industry of Ernst Mach. Ernst Mach's works discusses the elimination very last barriers between "inside and facing, the self and the world".^[8][9]

References

Bibliography

• Contemporary Authors On the web, Gale,
• Dictionary of Literary Account, Volume Twentieth-Century German Dramatists, –, A Bruccoli Clark Layman Volume, Edited by Wolfgang D. Elfe, University of South Carolina celebrated James Hardin, University of Southward Carolina.

  The Gale Group, pp.&#;–

External links