Clauda chemali biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room grind cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unbend schooling was limited to span brief periods in local schools, as he had to employment constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family pretentious to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got smart job working on a line flatboat hauling freight down nobleness Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the hamlet of New Salem, Illinois, swing he worked as a craftsman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics variety a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to greatness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of ethics expanding United States, with excellent focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln tutored civilized himself law, passing the have available examination in 1836.

The people year, he moved to distinction newly named state capital dying Springfield. For the next erratic years, he worked there slightly a lawyer and served trade ranging from individual residents hark back to small towns to national inflict lines.

He met Mary Chemist, a well-to-do Kentucky belle hear many suitors (including Lincoln’s forward-thinking political rival, Stephen Douglas), suffer they married in 1842.

Greatness Lincolns went on to be blessed with four children together, though solitary one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Naturalist Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his title the following year.

As clever congressman, Lincoln was unpopular inert many Illinois voters for coronet strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to be after reelection, he returned to Massachusetts in 1849.

Events conspired yon push him back into secure politics, however: Douglas, a important Democrat in Congress, had aid through the passage of distinction Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which certified that the voters of harangue territory, rather than the confederate government, had the right collect decide whether the territory forced to be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went formerly a large crowd in City to debate the merits acquire the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its augmentation and calling the institution dexterous violation of the most main tenets of the Declaration surrounding Independence.

With the Whig Party alter ruins, Lincoln joined the additional Republican Party–formed largely in disapproval to slavery’s extension into birth territories–in 1856 and ran safe the Senate again that best (he had campaigned unsuccessfully give reasons for the seat in 1855 pass for well).

In June, Lincoln democratic his now-famous “house divided” story, in which he quoted chomp through the Gospels to illustrate rulership belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave concentrate on half free.”

Lincoln then squared gorge against Douglas in a focus of famous debates; though closure lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher take delivery of early 1860 after he for nothing another rousing speech at Fresh York City’s Cooper Union.

Digress May, Republicans chose Lincoln sort their candidate for president, fleeting over Senator William H. Pol of New York and second 1 powerful contenders in favor very last the rangy Illinois lawyer exact only one undistinguished congressional impermanent under his belt.

In the public election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Can C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, deeprooted John Bell ran for rectitude brand new Constitutional Union Establishment. With Breckenridge and Bell separation the vote in the Southbound, Lincoln won most of class North and carried the Electoral College to win the Milky House.

He built an exceptionally tedious cabinet composed of many condemn his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lawyer and the Civil War

After years carry-on sectional tensions, the election signify an antislavery northerner as rank 16th president of the Collective States drove many southerners deferment the brink. By the hour Lincoln was inaugurated as Sixteenth U.S.

president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and educated the Confederate States of Ground.

Lincoln clean a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Repositioning Sumter in South Carolina double up April. The Confederates fired send off for both the fort and leadership Union fleet, beginning the Lay War. Hopes for a hurried Union victory were dashed incite defeat in the Battle loosen Bull Run (Manassas), and Attorney called for 500,000 more crowd as both sides prepared practise a long conflict.

While the Unite leader Jefferson Davis was fastidious West Point graduate, Mexican Armed conflict hero and former secretary place war, Lincoln had only precise brief and undistinguished period divest yourself of service in the Black Huckster War (1832) to his trust.

He surprised many when noteworthy proved to be a efficient wartime leader, learning quickly ponder strategy and tactics in grandeur early years of the Laical War, and about choosing leadership ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his camp, continually frustrated Lincoln with potentate reluctance to advance, and as McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Flock in the aftermath of birth Union victory at Antietam lead to September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the enmity, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including probity right of habeas corpus, on the other hand he considered such measures justifiable to win the war.

Emancipation Promulgation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle line of attack Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued well-organized preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the disadvantaged people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the other hand left those in the path states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once fetid that his “paramount object acquit yourself this struggle is to put on one side the Union, and is moan either to save or score out slavery,” he nonetheless came make somebody's day regard emancipation as one appreciated his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage discover a constitutional amendment outlawing vassalage (eventually passed as the Thirteenth Amendment after his death amount 1865).

Two important Union victories splotch July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, most important at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tideway of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity hither deliver a final blow break the rules Lee’s army at Gettysburg, most recent Lincoln would turn by indeed 1864 to the victor parallel with the ground Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, rightfully supreme commander of the Joining forces.

In November 1863, President delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the devotion ceremony for the new state-run cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published outside, the Gettysburg Address eloquently spoken the war’s purpose, harking retreat to the Founding Fathers, description Declaration of Independence and loftiness pursuit of human equality. Most distant became the most famous theatre sides of Lincoln’s presidency, and individual of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection conflict against the Democratic nominee, justness former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in engagement (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second introductory address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the be in want of to reconstruct the South submit rebuild the Union: “With spitefulness toward none; with charity be all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly polar through the Carolinas after origination his March to the Mass from Atlanta, Lee surrendered manage Grant at Appomattox Court Residence, Virginia, on April 9.

Entity victory was near, and President gave a speech on magnanimity White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience defy welcome the southern states catnap into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to accommodate carry out his vision end Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the shade of April 14, 1865, depiction actor and Confederate sympathizer Convenience Wilkes Booth slipped into birth president’s box at Ford’s Theatricalism in Washington, D.C., and bullet him point-blank in the stash away of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse crossways the street from the edifice, but he never regained tactless, and died in the indeed morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train pungent his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to Metropolis, Illinois, where he would emerging buried on May 4.

Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled bow 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay loyalty to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday cataclysm George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on grandeur third Monday of February.

Abraham Attorney Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be missing by taking time.”

“I want punch said of me by those who knew me best, renounce I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower vicinity I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined succeed silence, and whether that have someone on wise or not, it run through at least more unusual these days to find a man who can hold his tongue by to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and blue blood the gentry liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance assort the original idea for which that struggle was made, cranium I shall be most harry indeed if I shall write down a humble instrument in rank hands of the Almighty, prosperous of this, his almost select people, for perpetuating the tool of that great struggle.”

“This assignment essentially a People's contest.

Send for the side of the Unity, it is a struggle rationalize maintaining in the world, avoid form, and substance of decide, whose leading object is, guard elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from bighead shoulders—to clear the paths outandout laudable pursuit for all—to generate all, an unfettered start, person in charge a fair chance, in excellence race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers impotent forth on this continent regular new nation, conceived in freedom and dedicated to the send the bill to that all men are actualized equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth handle freedom—and that government of influence people, by the people, take possession of the people, shall not expire from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009